how to fix electric power steering failure in Tesla Model S Original (2012-2020)

Tesla Model S Plaid/Refresh (2021-present)

Error Codes

2-4 hours

Time

medium

Difficulty

critical

Severity

3 min read

578 words

⚠️ Safety Warning

This issue requires immediate attention. If you are not experienced with automotive repairs, consult a professional mechanic. Working on critical systems can be dangerous.

Problem Statement

Learn how to diagnose and fix electric power steering failure in Tesla Model S (2012-2020). Step-by-step guide with symptoms, diagnostic steps, and repair instructions.

Affected Component

Steering

Estimated Time

2-4 hours

⚠️ Safety Warnings

Important safety information - read before proceeding

•Disconnect the battery before working on electrical systems.
•Allow the vehicle to sit for a few minutes after disconnecting to ensure all capacitors discharge.

Symptoms

•Steering feels excessively heavy or stiff
•Warning message on the dashboard indicating 'Power Steering Assist Disabled'
•Audible noise from the steering column or motor
•Difficulty in turning the steering wheel at low speeds
•Inconsistent steering feedback

Diagnostic Steps

1
Scan the vehicle’s computer using a Tesla-compatible OBD-II scanner to check for error codes related to the power steering system.
2
Inspect the power steering control module connections for corrosion or loose wiring.
3
Verify the condition and level of the power steering fluid (if applicable).
4
Check the battery voltage and state of charge, as low voltage can affect EPS performance.
5
Perform a visual inspection of the power steering motor for signs of damage or wear.
6
Test the EPS motor using a multimeter to check for proper electrical resistance.

Solution

💡 Expert Tip

For complex repairs like this, consider taking photos at each step. This helps if you need to reverse a step or consult with a mechanic. Also, keep all removed parts organized - you may need to reference them during reassembly.

Verification

After completing the repair, verify that the issue has been resolved:

✓Test the affected component to ensure it functions correctly
✓Check for any error codes or warning lights
✓Monitor the vehicle for a few days to ensure the issue does not recur

Prevention Tips

To prevent this issue from occurring again:

•Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule
•Address warning signs early before they develop into major issues
•Use quality parts and fluids recommended for your vehicle
•Keep detailed records of all repairs and maintenance

Tools & Equipment Required

•OBD-II scanner
•Multimeter
•Socket set
•Torque wrench
•Screwdrivers

Parts Required

•Power steering control module (if faulty)
•Electric power steering motor (if faulty)

Related Faults

Share this solution

Comments

No comments yet

Be the first to share your thoughts

Back to Generation

Diagnostic Steps

1
Scan the vehicle’s computer using a Tesla-compatible OBD-II scanner to check for error codes related to the power steering system.
2
Inspect the power steering control module connections for corrosion or loose wiring.
3
Verify the condition and level of the power steering fluid (if applicable).
4
Check the battery voltage and state of charge, as low voltage can affect EPS performance.
5
Perform a visual inspection of the power steering motor for signs of damage or wear.
6
Test the EPS motor using a multimeter to check for proper electrical resistance.

Solution

1. Preparation

Gather necessary tools and parts.
Ensure the vehicle is parked on a flat surface and the ignition is off.
Disconnect the 12V battery to avoid any electrical shorts.

Tools Required:

OBD-II scanner
Multimeter
Socket set
Torque wrench
Screwdrivers

2. Inspect and Repair Connections

Remove the lower steering column cover using a screwdriver.
Inspect the wiring harness connecting the EPS motor to the control module for any signs of wear or loose connections.
Clean any corrosion and ensure all connectors are securely fastened.

3. Replace Power Steering Control Module (if necessary)

If diagnostic checks indicate a faulty control module, remove it by:
- Disconnecting the associated wiring harness.
- Unscrewing the module from its mounting bracket using a socket set.
Install the new power steering control module:
- Secure it with screws to the mounting bracket.
- Reconnect the wiring harness ensuring a tight fit.

4. Replace Steering Motor (if necessary)

If the EPS motor is faulty, remove it by:
- Disconnecting the wiring harness from the motor.
- Unscrewing the motor from the steering assembly using a socket set.
Install the new steering motor:
- Securely fasten it to the steering assembly with screws.
- Reconnect the wiring harness.

5. Reassemble and Reconnect Battery

Reattach the lower steering column cover.
Reconnect the 12V battery.
Torque all bolts to manufacturer specifications (use a torque wrench).