What should I check if my 2019 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 has a poor fuel economy?

Diagnosing Poor Fuel Economy in a 2019 Chevrolet Silverado 1500

Symptoms:

• Noticeable decrease in miles per gallon (MPG)
• Engine warning lights may illuminate
• Rough idling or poor engine performance
• Unusual smells or sounds from the engine or exhaust

Step 1: Check for Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

Tools Required:

• OBD-II scanner

Instructions:

1. Connect the OBD-II scanner to the vehicle's diagnostic port, usually located under the dashboard near the steering column.
2. Turn the ignition to the "ON" position without starting the engine.
3. Access the diagnostic menu on the scanner and read any stored trouble codes.
4. Note any codes that may indicate issues with engine components, sensors, or fuel delivery.

Step 2: Inspect Tire Pressure

Tools Required:

• Tire pressure gauge
• Air compressor (if adjustments are needed)

Instructions:

1. Check the recommended tire pressure located on the driver’s side door jamb.
2. Measure the tire pressure using the gauge.
3. Inflate the tires to the recommended pressure if they are low.
4. Inspect for uneven wear or damage that might indicate alignment issues.

Step 3: Evaluate Air Filter Condition

Tools Required:

• Flathead screwdriver or ratchet (if necessary)

Instructions:

1. Locate the air filter box, typically found near the engine on the driver’s side.
2. Open the air filter housing by unclipping or unscrewing the cover.
3. Remove the air filter and inspect it for dirt and debris.
4. If the filter is dirty or clogged, replace it with a new one.

Step 4: Inspect Fuel System

Tools Required:

• Fuel pressure gauge
• Basic hand tools (wrenches, sockets)

Instructions:

1. Locate the fuel pressure test port on the fuel rail.
2. Connect the fuel pressure gauge to the port.
3. Turn the ignition to the "ON" position (do not start the engine) to check for fuel pressure.
4. Compare the reading to the manufacturer's specifications (should be around 55-62 psi for the 2019 Silverado).
5. If pressure is low, check for clogged fuel filters, malfunctioning fuel pumps, or leaking fuel lines.

Step 5: Examine Spark Plugs and Ignition System

Tools Required:

• Spark plug socket
• Torque wrench
• Gap tool

Instructions:

1. Remove the spark plugs from the engine.
2. Inspect each plug for wear, carbon buildup, or damage.
3. Clean or replace the spark plugs as necessary (recommended gap for the 2019 Silverado is 0.040 inches).
4. Check ignition coils for proper operation (replace if misfiring is detected).

Step 6: Check Engine Oil Quality

Tools Required:

• Oil dipstick
• Oil change kit (if necessary)

Instructions:

1. Remove the oil dipstick and wipe it clean with a cloth.
2. Reinsert the dipstick and remove it again to check the oil level and quality.
3. If the oil is dirty or low, change the oil and replace the oil filter.

Step 7: Inspect Exhaust System

Tools Required:

• Basic hand tools
• Jack and jack stands (if necessary)

Instructions:

1. Visually inspect the exhaust system for any leaks or damage, especially in the catalytic converter and muffler.
2. Listen for unusual noises that might indicate a blockage or crack.
3. If issues are found, repair or replace the affected components.

Repair Instructions

1. Replace Air Filter: If dirty, replace with a new one.
2. Replace Fuel Filter or Pump: If fuel pressure is inadequate and filters/pump are faulty, replace as necessary.
3. Replace Spark Plugs: If worn or damaged, install new spark plugs with proper torque.
4. Change Engine Oil: If oil is dirty or low, change the oil and filter.
5. Repair Exhaust System: Fix leaks or replace damaged components to ensure proper exhaust flow.

Conclusion

After performing the above checks and repairs, retest the vehicle to monitor fuel economy. Improvement may take a few driving cycles to reflect on the onboard computer. If fuel economy remains poor despite these checks, consider consulting a qualified mechanic for further diagnostics.