how to fix Tesla Model S Original (2012-2020) power steering issues

Tesla Model S Plaid/Refresh (2021-present)

Error Codes

2-4 hours

Time

medium

Difficulty

critical

Severity

3 min read

561 words

⚠️ Safety Warning

This issue requires immediate attention. If you are not experienced with automotive repairs, consult a professional mechanic. Working on critical systems can be dangerous.

Problem Statement

Learn how to diagnose and fix power steering issues in Tesla Model S (2012-2020). Step-by-step guide with symptoms, diagnostic steps, and repair instructions.

Affected Component

Steering

Estimated Time

2-4 hours

⚠️ Safety Warnings

Important safety information - read before proceeding

•Disconnect the battery before working on electrical components to avoid shock.
•Allow sufficient time for any components to cool before handling.

Symptoms

•Difficulty steering the vehicle, especially at low speeds
•Power steering warning message displayed on the dashboard
•Steering wheel feels heavy or unresponsive
•Unusual noises while turning the steering wheel
•Intermittent loss of power steering assistance

Diagnostic Steps

1
Scan the vehicle's onboard diagnostics with an OBD-II scanner to check for error codes related to the power steering system.
2
Inspect the power steering control module connections for corrosion or loose wiring.
3
Check the power steering fluid level if applicable, ensuring it's within the recommended range.
4
Verify the operation of the electric power steering assist motor using a multimeter to check voltage and ground continuity.
5
Perform a visual inspection of the steering rack and linkage for any signs of wear or damage.

Solution

💡 Expert Tip

For complex repairs like this, consider taking photos at each step. This helps if you need to reverse a step or consult with a mechanic. Also, keep all removed parts organized - you may need to reference them during reassembly.

Verification

After completing the repair, verify that the issue has been resolved:

✓Test the affected component to ensure it functions correctly
✓Check for any error codes or warning lights
✓Monitor the vehicle for a few days to ensure the issue does not recur

Prevention Tips

To prevent this issue from occurring again:

•Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule
•Address warning signs early before they develop into major issues
•Use quality parts and fluids recommended for your vehicle
•Keep detailed records of all repairs and maintenance

Tools & Equipment Required

•OBD-II scanner
•Socket set
•Screwdriver set
•Torque wrench
•Multimeter

Parts Required

•Power steering control module (if faulty)
•Electric power steering assist motor (if faulty)

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Diagnostic Steps

1
Scan the vehicle's onboard diagnostics with an OBD-II scanner to check for error codes related to the power steering system.
2
Inspect the power steering control module connections for corrosion or loose wiring.
3
Check the power steering fluid level if applicable, ensuring it's within the recommended range.
4
Verify the operation of the electric power steering assist motor using a multimeter to check voltage and ground continuity.
5
Perform a visual inspection of the steering rack and linkage for any signs of wear or damage.

Solution

1. Preparation

Gather all necessary tools and parts.
Ensure the vehicle is parked on a flat surface and the ignition is turned off.
Disconnect the battery to prevent electrical shock.

2. Inspect and Repair Connections

Tools Required: Socket set, screwdriver set
Remove the under-dash panel to access the power steering control module.
Inspect all wiring harnesses connected to the power steering control module. Clean any corroded connectors with electrical contact cleaner and reconnect securely.

3. Replace Power Steering Control Module

Tools Required: Socket set, torque wrench
If error codes indicate a faulty control module, remove the old module:
1. Unplug the connectors from the power steering control module.
2. Unscrew the module from its mounting location.
3. Install the new power steering control module, securing it with the screws to the manufacturer's torque specifications.
4. Reconnect the electrical connectors.

4. Replace Electric Power Steering Assist Motor (if needed)

Tools Required: Socket set, torque wrench
If the motor is found to be defective:
1. Remove the steering column cover to access the electric assist motor.
2. Disconnect the motor’s wiring harness.
3. Unscrew the motor from its mounting bracket.
4. Install the new electric assist motor and secure it with the screws.
5. Reconnect the wiring harness.

5. Reassemble and Test

Reassemble any removed panels and reconnect the battery.
Turn on the vehicle and check for any warning messages.
Test the steering by turning the wheel left and right to ensure proper operation.